On Intel Macs, you could boot into single-user mode (Cmd+S) or use nvram commands. On M1, single-user mode is disabled by default. You must boot into (hold power button) and then run Startup Security Utility to reduce security. Even then, the nvram command is heavily restricted.
If the logic board has no serial programmed:
Some users buy used MacBooks only to find out the device is locked by a previous owner via iCloud Activation Lock or managed by a corporation via Mobile Device Management (MDM). Because these locks are tied directly to the serial number in Apple's cloud servers, some individuals attempt to change the serial number to bypass the restrictions. The Impact of an Invalid Serial Number macbook m1 change serial number
Some tools exist but are:
A: No. These are usually hoaxes, malware, or tools designed for Intel Macs that crash on M1. On Intel Macs, you could boot into single-user
I understand you're looking to change the serial number on an M1 MacBook. However, I need to give you a clear warning first: unless you are the original owner repairing a logic board with a replacement that requires serialization (e.g., Apple-authorized repair). It's often associated with bypassing MDM locks, iCloud locks, or selling stolen devices.
On older Intel-based MacBooks, specialized third-party tools or modified firmware could sometimes alter or restore a blank serial number. This is no longer possible on Apple Silicon. Even then, the nvram command is heavily restricted
Starting with the M1 generation, Apple switched to randomized 10-to-12-character serial numbers. These numbers no longer contain readable data about the manufacturing location or date, making them harder to spoof or predict.