The standard specifies three distinct procedures for different field scenarios:
Quantify how much a soil will expand vertically under a specific vertical pressure.
Where Δ h is the change in height and h₀ is the initial height. 4. Key Differences in ASTM D4546-21 Revision astm d454621 pdf
To assist you further with this technical standard,I can outline the required for the consolidometer apparatus, provide a step-by-step breakdown of the mathematical calculations used to determine swell percentage, or compare how this standard differs from international alternatives like BS 1377. Let me know how you would like to proceed! Share public link
: The percentage of expansion that occurs under a minimal seating load (typically Key Differences in ASTM D4546-21 Revision To assist
Once deformation stabilizes under this dry load, water is added to the cell. The resulting swell or settlement is recorded.
Understanding ASTM D4546-21: The Standard Test Methods for One-Dimensional Swell or Collapse of Soils The resulting swell or settlement is recorded
The results are used to calculate the percentage of swell or collapse:
Log vertical deformation at logarithmic time intervals (e.g., 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30 minutes, and 1, 2, 4, 8, 24 hours) until deformation stabilizes.
Incremental loads are then applied to compress the soil back to its original height or beyond, mapping out the stress-strain relationship. Method B: Wetting under Specific Vertical Stress
In addition to determining the in situ field density, ASTM D4546-21 also provides procedures for determining the moisture content of soil and soil-aggregate base materials. The moisture content is typically determined by:
